What is Nonpoint Source Pollution?

As rainfall flows across agricultural and urban areas it washes soil particles, pesticides, fertilizers, pet wastes, oil, road salt and other toxic materials into lakes and streams, becoming what we call nonpoint source pollution.  All of the small contributions add up to some really serious problems.

Sediments—As sediment is deposited on the stream bottom they destroy small habitat areas that are needed by aquatic organisms to survive, such as fish spawning areas.  As sediment clouds the water and covers plant leaves, sunlight penetration is reduced and desirable plants are reduced.

Nutrients—Excess phosphorus and nitrogen leads to increases in weed and algae growth, which in turn add to the problem of sunlight penetration.  As this excess algae growth decomposes oxygen is depleted from the water, making it difficult for fish and other aquatic organisms to survive.

Bacteria—Fecal coliform bacteria and other pathogens from livestock manure, pet wastes and improperly maintained septic systems can cause the water to become unsafe for drinking, swimming, boating and other water recreational activities.

Toxic Substances—Oil, grease, paints and pesticides can be toxic to fish and other aquatic life.