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Tree & Shrub Descriptions
Conifers
Deciduous
Paper Birch
Betula papyrifera
Height: 40-65'
Light: Shade intolerant
Site Conditions: Grows on a variety of soils, best in well-drained acidic, sandy or silty loam
Notes: White bark on outer surface of trunk separating into thin, papery layers; snowshoe hair and deer browse; food for birds and small mammals
Persimmon
Diospyros virginiana
Height: 15-40'
Light: Shade tolerant
Site Conditions: Grows on a wide range of conditions from dry, sterile, sandy woodlands to river bottoms to rocky hillsides
Notes: Thrives in full sun, but is shade-tolerant; flowers March-June and fruits September-November; has a deep taproot making it good for erosion control
Shrubs
Highbush Cranberry
Viburnum trilobum
Height: 8-15'
Light: Moderately shade tolerant
Site Conditions: Tolerates a wide range of soil types; frequent along streams, in open or lightly shaded wet grounds
Notes: Many arching stems form a dense, round topped crown; clusters of white flowers May-June and edible scarlet fruits in September
Redosier Dogwood
Cornus stolonifera
Height: 3-10'
Light: Shade intolerant
Site Conditions: Grows best in moist, somewhat poorly drained, medium to coarse soils; not tolerant of droughty conditions
Notes: Showy red stems related to sun exposure; shade-grown plants have greenish stems; beneficial for slope stabilization
Spicebush
Lindera benzoin
Height: 3-16'
Light: Shade tolerant
Site Conditions: Grows well in moist or dry situations when planted; best growth in muck soil of decidious swamps
Notes: Tolerant of high water tables; all parts of the plant are aromatic; food for green-clouded swallowtail and prometha moth caterpillars
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